22 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... = funny-shaped cells ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... #MDS #Diagnosis
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
(MDS) (normal or ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... Hypocellular/Hypoplastic MDS ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Aplastic Anemia ... Can progress to MDS ... or acute leukemia ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... • Hairy Cell Leukemia ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... • Sezary syndrome ... #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
: Granulocytic cells ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Hematology #Oncology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
Pancytopenia - Workup ... HLH syndrome 5. ... Acquired Aplastic Anemia ... • Hypoplastic MDS ... #Pancytopenia #Workup
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
Pancytopenia - Workup ... HLH syndrome 5 ... Acquired Aplastic Anemia ... • Hypoplastic MDS ... #Pancytopenia #Workup
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... (MDS) Most met ... (MDS) and/or ... blood myeloid cells ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Approach to Leukocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Features of hematologic malignancy:
 • Symptoms: B-symptoms, bruising/bleeding, fatigue/weakness, immunosuppression
hepatomegaly • Labs: anemia ... predominant immature cells ... Matthew Ho, MD ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology ... #WBC #Leukemoid