22 results
Urinary Tract Tuberculosis - Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed mild dilatation of the
dilatation of the left renal ... pelvis and thickening ... Clinical #Radiology #Pathology ... Tuberculosis #Pyuria #Smear ... AcidFastBacilli #Microscopy
Prolymphocytes

In our case, the patient has T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) not Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).  🔬Tumor
Prolymphocytes In our case ... Prolymphocytes #Smear ... #Peripheral #Pathology ... #Microscopy #Clinical ... #Blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine • 1ml blood ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine microscopy ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... - CPK, uric acid ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... smooth muscle cells ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... pathology • Malignancy ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... pathology • Malignancy ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Mechanism Decr Blood ... hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
disease Red blood ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology