36 results
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs ... phase symptoms Signs ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
aka. cancerous cells ... - these cancer cells ... - these cancer cells ... Signs/Symptoms: ... BoneTumors #Malignant #Radiology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... , Fragile bones/ ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Signs of immunodeficiency ... humoral immunity Signs ... in blood and bone ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
Lipid mediators (e.g ... Other mediators (e.g ... of inflammatory cells ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Incr IGF1 • Bone ... activates lipolysis Signs ... tissue expansion (e.g ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... Chemotherapy • Bone ... Metabolism Error • Immunologic ... • CNS Tumors (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
A Lewis Lead (also called the S5 lead) is a modified ECG lead used to detect
is a modified ECG ... clinically, based on signs ... standard 12 lead ECG ... Lead I on the ECG ... #Cardiology #EKG
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... destroying thin bony ... inner cortical bone ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
Bone resorption ... expressed on marrow cells ... the surface of bone ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology