57 results
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO): Pathogenesis and clinical findings

#CentralRetinalVein #Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology #ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Comparison: • Primary ... Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... : Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
erythematosus (SLE) Signs ... / Symptoms: - ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
& inflammatory cells ... • Neurologic: Bell's ... dysrhythmias • Ophthalmologic ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Pulmonary
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
mutated in all cells ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Corticosteroid use • Primary ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Primary Hyperthyroidism ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Pretibial myxedema #Primary ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
yrs old; F>M Signs ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Anemia - Giant cells ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Lower Urinary Tract ... epithelium and causing symptoms ... Signs/Symptoms ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
Upper Urinary Tract ... neurogenic bladder, urinary ... - Indwelling urinary ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms