24 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... Workup: • Complete ... marrow studies Treatment ... Syndromes #diagnosis #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
recurrent fevers, vasculitis ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic ... criteria for 1) hematologic ... multiple myeloma or myelodysplastic
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic ... = funny-shaped cells ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Liver diseases, Myelodysplastic ... transfusion • Target cells ... • Sickle cells ... alcoholism • Burr cells ... #differential #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... for workup, including ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Rheumatologic, Vasculitides
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... Dysplastic • Myelodysplastic ... Macrocytosis, Target Cells ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Algorithm • Sickle cells ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... • Hypocellular myelodysplastic ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Blood Disorders - Markers and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Acute
 • Myloid (AML) - CD13, CD33, CD34,
Disorders - Myelodysplastic ... Pelger-Huet, Macrocytic anemia ... or λ), Smudge Cells ... Blood #Disorders #hematology
Treatment of Non-hepatitis C virus Cryoglobulinemia Vasculitis - French Vasculitis Study Group

MONOCLONAL CRYOGLOBULINEMIA (TYPE 1) 
IgM
Treatment of Non-hepatitis ... Cryoglobulinemia Vasculitis ... - French Vasculitis ... Target plasma cells ... #Management #Rheumatology