103 results
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
the peripheral blood ... Blast cells - Blood ... blast cells - Blood ... -> AML: Blast crises ... the peripheral blood
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Edema - ++++ Blood ... cell casts - Absent ... cell casts - Present ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Blood (hemoglobin ... • Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Red blood cells ... : • White blood ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
cause quadriplegia ... within GI and URT causes ... disseminates in blood ... fetal blood vessel ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Evaluation of Leukocytosis:
The term 'leukocyte' applies to any cells within the myeloblast, monoblast, & lymphoid lineages.
Include
Leukocytosis: The term 'leukocyte ... defined as white blood ... in peripheral blood ... precursor cells to leukocytes ... the underlying cause
Drug-Induced Edema
Drug-induced edema is caused by many drugs & can coincide with or worsen pre-existing peripheral
Drug-induced edema is caused ... pressure in the blood ... potent effect on blood ... Edema #Medication #Causes ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... disease Renal Causes ... urinary tract) Causes ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #blood
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Gout: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 - Conditions of rapid cell turnover: hemolysis, psoriasis, lymphoproliferative disorders
 -
concentration in blood ... cascade results in leukocyte ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology