33 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
cells - Normal • Renal ... • Leukocytes ... - Renal infection ... - Any type of renal ... renal disease
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Insufficiency Addison's ... Lung cancer • Renal ... /vomiting • Abdominal ... autoimmune adrenalitis cases ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
: • Renal parenchymal ... disease - Renal ... of renal disease ... - Renal Duplex ... ; MRA; abdominal
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
3 months Pre-Renal ... Atheroemboli • Renal ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal ... Family history, ultrasound ... Sterile pyuria, WBC casts
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... for ureteric and renal ... of flank or abdominal ... for ureteric and renal ... Modalities #Calculi #Renal
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... physician could assess ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... #urine #UNa #casts
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Renal Mass - Differential ... Polycystic Kidney Disease ... of infection - Renal ... Carcinoma - Abscess
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
resistance Impaired Renal ... Excretion: • Addison ... deficiency • Renal ... • Renal hypoperfusion ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
resistance Impaired Renal ... Excretion: • Addison ... deficiency • Renal ... • Renal hypoperfusion ... #causes #potassium
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
activity is the diagnostic ... hallmark for the disease ... decrease in most cases ... hematuria (without casts ... the presence of renal