45 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • “Muddy brown cast ... contamination #Urine
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinalysis & Urine ... • Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Urinary casts ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Proteinuria - Differential ... Proteinuria (Negative urine ... Proteinuria (Positive urine ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... #Differential #
The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
Emphysema - Lung cysts ... Radiology #Pulmonary #CTChest ... LowAttenuation #Differential ... TractionBronchiectasis #Cysts
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria - Differential ... Algorithm Pyuria - Leukocytes ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... No Pyuria - No Leukocytes ... cystitis #Dysuria #Differential
Differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Nodular LCH:
- Sarcoidosis: perilymphatic distribution.
- Metastases: random distribution.
Cystic LCH:
- LAM: round
Differential diagnosis ... : - LAM: round cysts ... Diagnosis #Radiology #CTChest ... #Cystic #Cysts ... #Differential #Comparison
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... Preparation of the urine ... protein, blood or leukocyte ... up by cells or casts ... protein matrix of casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #Hematuria #Differential
Pathogens in Pneumonia

Here is a quick review of the pathogens causing pneumonia (useful for enumerating differentials
for enumerating differentials ... your grand rounds/cases ... metapneumovirus - Coronavirus ... Pathogens #Pneumonia #Differential