21 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
- Differential Diagnosis ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... Urate crystals • Calcium ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Causes
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Euglycemic DKA

Risk factors for euglycemic DKA in those on an SGLT2i include:
 •
alcohol consumption Diagnostic ... Ketones in serum or urine ... Treatment involves ... therapy in severe cases ... SGLT2 #Euglycemic #DKA
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... cases occur in ... their loss in the urine ... Treatment with IV ... the anion gap closes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... osmolarity If cause ... Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
cases, drug-dependent ... thiazidic, PPI, ACE, calcium-b ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... comparison #table #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #management
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
(SLE) - Diagnosis ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... life-threatening • Treatment ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis ... Management #Summary #rheumatology
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
) • Systemic lupus ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... #rheumatology #
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... potassium and calcium ... Management #Summary #causes