16 results
Examples of varying granular and granular/waxy mixed casts: 
A: coarse granular/broad-waxy (and surrounding white blood cells);
and granular/waxy ... mixed casts: ... surrounding white blood ... #Casts #Urine # ... Microscopy #Clinical
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... renal disease • Granular
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... but can be seen in ... ) • Granular Casts ... #Urine #Microscopy
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... casts are seen ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... syndrome: • Flank pain ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... microscopy / urinary ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... osmolarity If cause ... screen, including blood
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
unilateral flank pain ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... and referral to Urology ... Nephrology if cause ... #blood #urine
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... presence of protein, blood ... or leukocyte esterase ... up by cells or casts ... protein matrix of casts
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Product Types: • Leukocyte ... , dark urine, DIC ... proteins on plts, leukocytes ... Causes purpura & ... binds to serum calcium