9 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... • Leukocytes ... diseaseGranular ... renal disease
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... in acute tubular ... disease Red blood ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... , urine microscopy ... , serum calcium ... Optional: urinary
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
calcium excretion ... calcium excretion ... amino acids in kidney ... #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #urine #UNa #casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
hyperreactivity • Urologic ... irrigation • Management ... diseasePrimary ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... disease 2. ... potassium and calcium ... #Diagnosis #Management
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment