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diagnosis causes acute hyponatremia proteinuria renal blood management nephritic syndrome syndromes treatment urology workup ain atlas classification comparison diseases glomerulonephritis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
the patient have glomerular ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sensitive) • AKI ... triad (<10%): fever ... eosinophiluria, microscopic hematuria ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Differential #
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... disease • Leukocytes ... ” - Necrotic tubular ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... or dipstick) Glomerular ... RBC casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential # ... causes #urology #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... Hematuria may be ... #Algorithm #differential ... #syndrome #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Exercise • Fever ... • Drugs Glomerular ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
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