112 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... • Diarrhea A urine
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal ... • Acute renal ... diet • Blood ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... : • White blood ... used with normal renal ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... screen, including blood ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... • 1ml blood/liter ... urine can induce ... examination of urine ... #urine #blood
Step by Step Algorithmic Approach to Pediatric Fever

Age < 21 days old (or 28 days for
Step by Step Algorithmic ... sensitivity) Leukocytes ... in the urine Procalcitonin ... Peds #Diagnosis #Management ... #StepByStep #Algorithm
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... Nephrology for renal ... Nephrology if cause ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Workup #urology #blood
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... cells - Normal • Renal ... also be seen if urine ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... contamination #Urine
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
- Differential Algorithm ... Categorized by Causes ... Extrarenal Losses, Renal ... (High and Low Blood ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... (if preserved renal ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... #Hyperkalemia #management