22 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Symptoms: Disorientation ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
Generalized Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Systemic ... Hyperthyroidism CBC ... Myelodisplastic syndrome Psychiatric ... #Algorithm #causes
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
IBD • Chronic liver ... Corticosteroid use • Primary ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... Algorithm Symptoms ... quadrant discomfort Signs ... Associated history: Symptoms ... Liver biopsy findings
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Usually ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... pyelonephritis CMC
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
Acute Rheumatic Fever ... auto-reactive B and CD ... RheumaticFever #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... encephalitis, and primary ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
normal mood - Primary ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Bladder retention -> Primarily ... hemicord lesion -> Primarily ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms: ... malignancy #Primary