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The retracted visceral pleura is seen (blue arrow) which indicates that there is a pneumothorax.
There is
is an air-fluid level ... When a pneumothorax ... this air-fluid level ... #Clinical #Radiology ... Hydropneumothorax #RadiologyAssistant
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
the air-fluid level ... assume that the pneumothorax ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax ... Lymphangioleiomyomatosis #LAM #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
effusion; sometimes pneumothorax ... #Clinical #Radiology ... Comparison #Table #RadiologyAssistant
On the left a patient who had a CT to rule out pulmonary embolism.
There is a
#Clinical #Radiology ... SeptalThickening #CHF ... #RadiologyAssistant
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
• Alveoli: - CHF ... - Effusion - Pneumothorax ... Diagnosis #Causes #Cardiology
Sinus Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Autonomic System:
 • Excess Stimulation: Nicotine, Caffeine, Sympathomimetics, Anticholinergics
 • Withdrawal:
Distributive (fever ... Cardiogenic: ACS, CHF ... Hypoxia Other: Fever ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Insufficiency, Liver ... Decompensated CHF ... Embolism, Tension Pneumothorax
Cervical Central Canal and Neural Foraminal Stenosis Grading

Cervical Central Canal Stenosis Grading
 - Normal - No
- Normal - No CSF ... Mild - Partial CSF ... effacement at the nerve level ... effacement at the nerve level ... Classification #Diagnosis #Radiology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Insufficiency, Liver ... Decompensated CHF ... Embolism, Tension Pneumothorax
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
In CHF, decreases ... mortality BPAP - Bi-Level ... Indications: • CHF ... patients (ie., CHF ... intrathoracic damage (pneumothorax