31 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Heart Disease Pulmonary ... • Rupture • Endocarditis ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
Endocarditis checklist ... w/ septic pulmonary ... • Persistent fever ... • Aggressive management ... criticalcare #diagnosis #management
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... of sinusitis, septic ... Physical Exam, CXR ... microbiology #diagnosis #management
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
determine the cause ... Pulmonary hemorrhage ... with low oxygen level ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CXR #Lobar #Consolidation
Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Nontuberculous mycobacteria, also known as atypical mycobacteria, are all the other mycobacteria which can cause
mycobacteria which can cause ... pulmonary disease ... the air-fluid level ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Lateral #
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
night sweats, fever ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Glomerulonephritis Septic ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Hyperkalemia Pulmonary ... • Aortic Valve Endocarditis ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #cardiology #BRADI
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary ... Causes include: ... edema • BNP level ... ischemic changes CXR ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... symptoms are not caused ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... acute sarcoidosis Pulmonary
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR ... decubitus - air fluid level ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary