49 results
diagnosis differential nephrology hypokalemia potassium management treatment hypomagnesemia magnesium chloride classification endocrinology hyponatremia metabolic pharmacology table urinary acute alkalosis diuretics
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... syndrome (mimics loop ... diuretic use), ... mimics thiazide diuretic
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... - Hypokalemia ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... - Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic ... metabolic acidosis: Diabetic ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... Aquaretics (not a diuretic ... Pharmacology #nephrology #conversion ... #loop #thiazide ... #classes
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased urine osm): Diabetes ... urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia ... Increased intake (low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
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