22 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... Remote use of loop ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring urinary ... Clinicians should also look ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Medications - Loop ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #differential #
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased Urination - Differential ... urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia ... Increased intake (low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... Effects • Thiazide Diuretics ... /lsotretinoin Malignancy ... • Unregulated Conversion
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... for malignancy-associated ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Treatment algorithm ... hypercalcemia ... : Dalysis with low ... Volume overload: Loop ... diuretic • Lymphoma