12 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... - Hypokalemia ... syndromes - Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium ... #Low #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... ↑ Aldosterone: Malignant ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... for malignancy-associated ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Aldosterone • Malignant
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Treatment algorithm ... hypercalcemia ... : Dalysis with low ... Volume overload: Loop ... diuretic • Lymphoma