31 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... anhydrase inhibitors, loop ... syndrome (mimics loop ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Clinicians should also look ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... syndrome • Thiazide Diuretics ... #Magnesium #Low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... renal transplant, Diuretic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... • Hypomagnesemia ... Aldosterone • Malignant ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... and hypomagnesemia ... Hypokalemia ... Furosemide and other loop ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... for malignancy-associated ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #nephrology #causes