38 results
diagnosis differential nephrology hypokalemia management potassium treatment alkalosis table chloride hyponatremia workup criticalcare endocrinology hypercalcemia hypomagnesemia magnesium malignancy nongap overview
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... syndrome • Thiazide Diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop ... , ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic
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