32 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... anhydrase inhibitors, loop ... syndrome (mimics loop ... #Causes #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Magnesium #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential # ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... , ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... Normal, Renin High ... nephrology #potassium #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... - Insulin (high ... Furosemide and other loop ... diuretics ... #Medications #differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... urine #potassium #differential