15 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... fast - Too slow ... - Asthma - COPD ... Water - Pus - Blood ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
decades of life Causes ... and clinical associations ... fever, fatigue, Nausea ... Urticaria #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #comparison #table
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
originate from a low-grade ... Viral Infection Clinical ... fatigue, pallor, dyspnea ... sensitize red blood ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
which can plug blood ... Cryofibrinogenemia Clinical ... Diagnosis: • + Clinical ... cryoglobulins • Negative causes ... #hematology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
of high parity blood ... without other cause ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison ... #table
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... pain, hemoptysis, dyspnea ... anemia • Sputum/Blood ... Coli - P.
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... in >90% - Low ... Evolution: Chronic disease ... druginduced #lupus #sle #comparison ... #table #rheumatology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Presents as dyspnea ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Presents as dyspnea ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
ABO incompatible blood ... Prolonged PT/PTT • Low ... organ damage Clinical ... • Severe Liver Disease ... treatment #management #hematology