22 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Skeletal metastatic disease ... disorders, Paget's disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... #nephrology #PTH
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
selected glomerular diseases ... Minimal change disease ... #glomerular #diseases ... #nephrology #pathology ... #comparison #table
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
and peptic ulcer disease ... adynamic bone disease ... bone turnover disease ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... • Primary GNs: Disease ... Due to systemic disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
and peptic ulcer disease ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Addison’s disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... Evolution: Chronic disease ... druginduced #lupus #sle #comparison ... #table #rheumatology