17 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia chloride hyperkalemia hyponatremia pathophysiology renal treatment urine alkalosis crrt diuretics epilepticus excretion gitelman hypernatremia hypochloremia hypotonic k
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
90 minutes) • Sodium ... function) - Loop diuretic ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... consumption • Low ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... effective arterial blood ... , Thiazide diuretics ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... Prevention of blood ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
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