25 results
diagnosis differential algorithm management causes hyponatremia kidney classification hyperkalemia hypernatremia nephrotic pathophysiology pediatrics syndrome testing treatment acidosis anesthesia anesthesiology biopsy
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid - Low ... High Uric Acid → renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... - fevers • renal ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Na <20: Extra-renal ... Urine Na >30: Renal ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
• Increased renal ... Hypoperfusion • Reduced renal ... blood flow • ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... • Serum K low ... • Serum K: low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
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