11 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine Na+K ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
works by directly binding ... increase. 2) The Na/Ca ... intracellular calcium causes ... hypokalemia (or low ... Pathophysiology #cardiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
close • Transient K+ ... Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Classification #Classes ... pathophysiology #phases #cardiology
Timeline for Progression of T2WI and DWI Findings in Acute Stroke
 - In the acute phase
of T2WI and DWI Findings ... ADC will be of low ... #Stroke #CVA #MRI ... Progression #Timeline #Neurology ... #Radiology #Findings
Evolution of MRI Findings in Stroke

MR images at five subsequent time points in a 67-year-old woman
Evolution of MRI Findings ... Progression #Stroke #CVA ... #Clinical #Radiology ... Interpretation #Findings ... #Neurology #Evolution
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatments: • K-Binding ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... • MOA: Block K+ ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Classification #Classes ... pathophysiology #cardiology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table