63 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... hypomagnesemia Renal ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Right Oculomotor (CNIII) Palsy caused by Stroke

Dr. Bruno Farnetano @bruno.farnetano

#Oculomotor #CNIII #Palsy #clinical #video #CN3 #clinical
(CNIII) Palsy caused ... clinical #video #neurology ... #physicalexam # ... ophthalmology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Convergence Retraction Nystagmus with a left 6th nerve palsy

Caused by a Midbrain hemorrhage

Dr. Boby Varkey Maramattom
nerve palsy Caused ... nystagmus #ocular #physicalexam ... clinical #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
• Increased renal ... Hypoperfusion • Reduced renal ... blood flow • ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, Renal ... differential #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
cells FEMg >4% = renal ... magnesium loss if renal ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Beer Potomania - Low ... • Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
on the Kidney - Pathophysiology ... blood flow: Pre ... KidneyDisease #nephrology ... #Effects #pathophysiology ... #renal