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nephrology differential algorithm causes management syndrome workup acute aki hypokalemia nephrotic hematology nephritic proteinuria treatment urology classification comparison gitelman glomerular
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... • 1ml blood/liter ... : - RBC casts ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... Workup #urology #blood
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Diagnostic Criteria for Scleroderma Renal Crisis 1. New onset blood pressure >150/85 mm Hg OR increase
Diagnostic Criteria ... hematuria on urine ... cells on urine ... microscopy - ... #Crisis #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
the patient has hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome == Nephrotic Syndrome == Onset - Insidious Edema - ++++ Blood
Proteinuria - ++++ Hematuria ... cell casts - Absent ... Proteinuria - ++ Hematuria ... cell casts - Present ... #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
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