20 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Immune mediated injury ... : - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... if cause not identified ... Workup #urology #blood
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria ... #hematuria
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology