72 results
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
, Pathophysiology ... and Differential ... Diagnosis • Dilated ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #nephrology #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myeloid Leukemia (CML ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... and iron release Diagnosis ... composite endpoint of all-cause ... #management #cardiology
Hilar enlargement
The table summarizes the causes of hilar enlargement.
Normal hili are:
- Normal in position - left
summarizes the causes ... branching vessels #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #CXR ... #Enlargement #Differential
Causes of Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Massive Hemoptysis (>I00 mL in 24 hours)
 • Malignancy
 •
Causes of Hemoptysis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hemoptysis (>I00 mL ... Malformation Normal CXR
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Chest Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Myocarditis - CAD/ACS ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Cardiology