31 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... endpoint of all-cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Ferritin < 100 ng/mL ... depot iron] Treatment ... #Failure #CHF #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Then, ask 3 questions ... Treatment: Treatment ... the underlying cause ... in 100 mL boluses
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
Handle Tear - MSK ... Radiology Imaging ... The "double PCL ... Case description ... #diagnosis #msk
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... sIL-2R >2400 Ul/ml ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: • ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
organic acids and bases ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... filtered Na+ and Cl ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... Tubules #Table #Pharmacology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... #Pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease (HADD) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Ovoid hypointense structures along the bursal surface
Disease (HADD) - MSK ... Radiology Imaging ... Case description ... • Treatment for ... #diagnosis #msk
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology ... #phases #cardiology