18 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... Hypoparathyroidism - Calcium-sensing ... deficiency - Chronic ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis ... Lymphoma: NHL, CML ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... metabolic acidosis: Chronic ... D-lactic acidosis, Chronic ... • Normal acid-base ... #Differential #
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Hypoparathyroidism with Chronic ... Poisoning #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... Pheochromocytoma Chronic ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... (AML) • Chronic ... Myeloid Leukemia (CML ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Kidney Disease - Differential ... function (eGFR < 60 ml ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... #Differential #