22 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, Low R - Primary ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... Solute Intake - Primary ... always exclude: CKD ... #sodium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
losses: • High ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Elevated PTH (High ... or normal): • Primary ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Lymphoma: NHL, CML ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... mannitol, glucosuria Low