34 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Excretion - Renal ... Rhabdomyolysis Medications ... - Exercise - Hyperkalemic ... #Differential #
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Compartment Syndrome, Medications ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Renal Losses ... Non-renal losses ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #differential # ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia #Medications ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... in kidneys) - Medications ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... - Various renal ... diseases (e.g. renal
Pharmacokinetics of commonly used diuretics medications in CKD, Cirrhotic Ascites, and Heart Failure
 • Furosemide
 •
used diuretics medications ... Spironolactone MCW ... Nephrology @MCW_Nephrology ... #diuretics #pharmacology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Loses - Medications ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... deficiency • Renal ... Medications 2. ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology