25 results
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Metabolic alkalosis ... secretion • Acid-base ... metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Cystinuria - Amino acid ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
, glycyrrhizic acid ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
glucose and amino acids ... and bases, including ... uric acid and most ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... - Valproic acid ... Multiple myeloma, CML ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology