33 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #Anemia #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... uremic syndrome ... , Copper and lead ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... Steroids - 1-2 mg ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Labs: Ferritin, iron, transferrin, TIBC, TSAT, sTfR

 • Blood loss:
Iron Deficiency Anemia ... extravascular) hemolysis ... Gastrectomy, WHDA syndrome ... Structural: Celiac disease ... #ferritin #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
ULN R - Renal disease ... A - Anemia- Hemoglobin ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... autoimmune diseases ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 and ... • Liver Disease ... #Causes #Hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
alveolitis, ear and ... thromboembolic disease ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... criteria for 1) hematologic ... identified in 25 men