43 results
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
, Amyloidosis, MPGN ... • Nephritic: RPGN ... , IgA, Alport, MPGN
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Glomerulonephritis (MPGN ... Mesangiocapillary GN ... Complement-Mediated MGPN ... , CFHR5 neph) MPGN ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN ... ) RPGN has three ... Complement: Post-strep GN ... StanfordChiefs #RPGN
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN ... post-infectious GN ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN
Acanthocyte on Urine Microscopy

Not a spaceship, not a UFO, just an acanthocyte caught “flying” in dark
presentation of RPGN
Cryoglobulinemia Classification Types

Type 1: Monoclonal IgM (rarely IgG/lgA)
 • Raynaud phenomenon, Digital ulcers/gangrene, Livedo reticularis, Hyperviscosity
Liver, kidney (MPGN
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
basement membrane; GN ... atypical HUS; MPGN
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN ... syndromes) MEN ... Galactorrhea MEN ... catecholamines MEN ... #Differential #Endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis Interpretation Table
 - Autonomy (Graves)
 - Autonomy (toxic nodule)
 - Exogenous thyroid hormone
preformed hormone MGH ... Table #diagnosis #endocrinology
Indications for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • All patients with symptomatic PHPT
 • Serum calcium 1
Serum calcium 1 mg ... calcium > 400 mg ... function GFR < 60mL/min ... Indications #PHPT #endocrinology