10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... , Medications (diuretics ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... especially thiazide diuretics ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... especially thiazide diuretics ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... : • Hypovolemia ... : Diuretics/Nephropathies ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #sodium #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #management #pathophysiology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... excreted using diuretics ... #algorithm #management ... #heartfailure #chf ... #criticalcare #