37 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... anaerobic metabolism Diagnosis ... Clinical presentation also ... includes symptoms ... #Management
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Algorithm Clinical ... • Neurologic symptoms ... suggest a mass as ... the cause ... #Algorithm #Causes
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
• Myopathy (Also ... caused by hydroxychloroquine ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... mediators such as ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... composite endpoint of all-cause ... #management #cardiology
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis ... and Management ... Algorithm Lifestyle ... Hypoglycemic (First Line: Metformin ... • Secondary Causes
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #management
Whipple Disease (Tropheryma whipplei) - Diagnosis and Management 

Caused by: Tropheryma whipplei

Symptoms and Signs:
1. Migratory poly/oligoarthralgia
and Management ... Caused by: Tropheryma ... whipplei Symptoms ... Oculomasticatory/oculo-facial-skeletal ... #algorithm #management
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... • As soon as ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
abduction and medial ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk