14 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Acute tubular injury ... sample is not fresh at ... acute tubular injury ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... and temperature at ... and lower motor neuron ... #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... hyperkalemia or ATN
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Immune mediated injury ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... • Malignant HTN ... causes #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... malignancies Treatment ... Cisplatin • ATN ... Classification #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... require urgent nephrology ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... etiologies due to ATN
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Fanconi's syndrome ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... nephropathy • HTN ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... hyperkalemia or ATN ... #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
of Acute Kidney Injury ... creatinine by at ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology