65 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Will be much easier ... Failure to acidify urine ... Diagnosis #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
LiCl use The urine ... concentration can be ... Urine chloride is ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Occult Causes of Non-Response to Vasopressors

vital disclaimer: the cognitive response to hypotension should not be reaching
Occult Causes of ... hypotension should not be ... hypotension is treatment ... non-responders: - acidosis ... #Differential #Causes
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
altered 2) You see ... no respiratory cause ... anion-gap metabolic acidosis ... Resuscitation 2) Urine ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it?  Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
Early raised AG acidosis ... normal anion gap acidosis ... nephrocalcinosis) • Urine ... ↑ or ↓ Treatment ... Diagnosis #Management #Treatment
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal causes ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic acidosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... excretion (e.g., urine ... hypoperfusion have been ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment
Sulfa Crystals on Urine Microscopy
Sulfa Crystal!  Drug-induced crystalluria is a cause of acute renal failure
Sulfa Crystals on Urine ... crystalluria is a cause ... that has not to be ... Sulfa #Crystals #Urine ... crystalluria #clinical #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low urine ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... - Antiviral treatment ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... glucosuria Low Urine ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology