11 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Spectrum
 - Insidious vs Acute
 - Nephritic (hypertension, hematuria, renal failure) vs Nephrotic
Glomerular Diseases ... - Insidious vs Acute ... , hematuria, renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
tubular cells - Acute ... - Diagnostic of ... ” - Necrotic tubular ... protein indicating acute ... #nephrology #casts
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
- Differential Diagnosis ... HTN, Vasculitis Glomerular ... : • Nephrotic: ... Antibiotics, NSAIDs, Cast ... #Disease #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... INTRINSIC: - Glomerular ... tubular cell casts ... Management: Avoiding nephrotoxic ... appropriate) #Acute
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
are seen in acute ... , renal tuberculosis ... Fatty - Nephrotic ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
- Differential Diagnosis ... at least 50% Renal ... Epithelial cell casts ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... causes: sepsis, meds ... interstitial nephritis ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... repeat testing • Acute ... • Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... for renal biopsy
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal