64 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis ... glycosides • High ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Recreational drugs, Poisons ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #high
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
chemo), EtOH, Rhabdomyolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Low Anion Gap - Various causes and mechanisms of a Low Anion Gap
 • Hypoalbuminemia (1gm
Gap - Various causes ... gap acidosis • High ... Low #AnionGap #causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Serum phosphate level >4.5 mg/dL
 • Spurious hyperphosphatemia
 • True
Causes of Hyperphosphatemia ... soda preparation, High ... Cellular breakdown: Rhabdomyolysis ... Hyperphosphatemia #Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... hemoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis ... Conditions: blue diaper ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... Hyperuricosuria • High ... salt intake • High ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes