36 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... malformation, Aneurysm, Vasculitis ... Recreational drugs, Poisons ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Kawasaki Disease: Clinical Findings
Diagnostic Criteria - Fever and 4/5 of the following:
 • Conjunctivitis
 • Polymorphous
Findings Diagnostic Criteria ... hands & feet Signs ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Vasculitis
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Infection - Vasculitis ... - Autoimmune Vasculitis ... blood test • Serology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... Malar (butterfly) Rash ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Anaplasma Infection - Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Pathophysiology: 
 • Obligate, intracellular bacteria
 • Transmitted via blacklegged tick —
phagocytophilum Pathophysiology ... within morulae Signs ... shaking chills • Rash ... is rare (< 10% cases ... ), cough (30% cases
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... disease Renal Causes ... and SMA - Can cause ... #urology #nephrology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitis and Vasculitides ... When to Consider Vasculitis ... tract, and often causes ... mucositis - Rash ... purpura: strong sign
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
IgA Vasculitis – ... periumbilical region), nausea ... #HSP #IgA #Vasculitis ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis