33 results
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
cause quadriplegia ... & hemorrhagic rash ... Maternal viremia causes ... Vesicular & pruritic rash ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
blood - Tubular Poisons ... keto-acids) -> Poisons ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... NPSLE rare, Malar rash ... Discontinuation of causal ... Manifestations: Malar rash ... in 60-80% of cases
Erythroderma - Diagnostic Algorithm. Pathophysiology: 1) Extensive cutaneous capillary dilation, results in widespread exfoliation of the
Pathophysiology: ... Causes: 1) Exfoliative ... #Dermatology #Rash
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
Manifestations: Malar rash ... - Anti-ENA - Positive ... - Anti-dsDNA - Positive ... in 60-80% of cases ... Anti-histone - Positive
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
exerts sudden +++ positive ... from negative to positive ... and release LH causes ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology
Anaplasma Infection - Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Pathophysiology: 
 • Obligate, intracellular bacteria
 • Transmitted via blacklegged tick —
phagocytophilum Pathophysiology ... shaking chills • Rash ... is rare (< 10% cases ... ), cough (30% cases
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
is thought to cause ... the Positive Symptoms ... is thought to cause ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... signs #psychiatry #positive
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
reaction -> Benign Rash ... Systemic effect -> Nausea ... hyponatremia, rash ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... Physiologic Causes ... Pathologic Causes ... significantly positive ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology