23 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Lymphoproliferative disorder ... , Autoimmune disorder ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
lymphoproliferative disorder ... infection, autoimmune disorder ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemiaCold ... #anemia #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... anemia • ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Classification ... end-organ damage, multisystem ... CARDIOGENIC (Cold ... OBSTRUCTIVE (Cold ... #Classification
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... Consider RBC membrane disorder ... #Anemia #Differential
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Types - Classification ... tachycardia, dyspnea, cold ... end-organ damage, multisystem ... ring OBSTRUCTIVE (Cold ... #Classification
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... cold hemoglobinuria
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Interpretation Algorithm ... Hypertension, Anemia ... Neuromuscular Disorders ... Emphysematous COPD ... Interpretation #Algorithm
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... #Anemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #causes #classification