11 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... repeat testing • Acute ... WBCs, or urine ... • Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
blood cells on urine ... • Calculi Glomerular ... Dysmorphic RBCs and/or RBC ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
membrane; GN = glomerulonephritis ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... urine sediment ... Hematuria may be ... #syndrome #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ... GN • Active Urine ... formation along glomerular ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... #MPGN #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... suggestive of glomerulonephritis ... #Microscopy #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and signs • Glomerulonephritis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 24-hour urine ... #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... #nephrotic #nephritic ... #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
, proteinuria, hematuria ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... hypercellular glomeruli