11 results
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Cold AIHA ... • Drug-induced AIHA ... elliptocytosis - RBC ... AIHA • PCH ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... 1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... screening 3) TREAT AIHA ... #Hemolytic #Anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(AIHA) "Warm" ( ... (AIHA)"Cold" (usually ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... : Warm AIHA, Cold ... AIHA, Transfusion ... Diagnosis #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
hemolytic anemia ... autoimmune hemolytic ... cold hemoglobinuria ... #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... anemiaCold ... Blood smear - RBC ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
Autoimmune Hepatitis ... been reported (eg AIH-PBC ... If suspected, AIH ... #Hepatitis #AIH ... #Hepatology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
Vmphocytosis on routine CBC ... cytopenias (ITP, AIHA ... AIHA, PRCA) • Treatment ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology ... hemeonc #diagnosis #management
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
+Organomegaly+↑RBC ... Coagulopathy) SMZL: • AIHA ... • Coombs (-) hemolytic ... anemia due to cold ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Skin Disease Classification ... Noninfectious hepatitis ... : • AIHA 10% • ... titers > 1:80 • CBC ... with Lupus: • Chronic