10 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
(AIHAs) • Alloimmune ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... #Anemias #Differential ... #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Warm Antibody Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... 1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... screening 3) TREAT AIHA
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
AIHA • Cold ... AIHAAlloimmune ... • Drug-induced AIHA ... elliptocytosis - RBC ... #Causes #Hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... : Warm AIHA, Cold ... AIHA, Transfusion ... Diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(AIHA) "Warm" ( ... (AIHA)"Cold" (usually ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
: Autoimmune hepatitis ... , PBC, PSC, IgG4 ... • LDH: Heart, RBC ... #injury #hepatitis ... #hepatology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
to Anemia - Differential ... Spherocytosis, G6PD, PK, HbC ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver ... Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
Autoimmune Hepatitis ... been reported (eg AIH-PBC ... If suspected, AIH ... #Hepatitis #AIH ... #Hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Injury - Differential ... Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... Malignancy, 1° PBC ... #Injury #Differential ... #hepatology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Viral infection, autoimmune ... Blood smear - RBC ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology